Gambling Addiction Risk Higher in Family of Problem Gamblers
Published:
Jan 31, 2026
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11:10 a.m.
ET
Sports betting has become commonplace in the United States since the repeal of PASPA in 2018. Approximately 25% of sports bettors say they are concerned they can’t control their gambling. Forecasts tell us the expected value of the sports betting industry in 2030 will be $256.5 billion.
Growing evidence shows problem gambling effects extend far beyond the person placing the bets and, or suffering. A new longitudinal study published in the Journal of Gambling Studies spotlights the increased risk of gambling addiction in loved ones and individuals closely tied to someone with a gambling problem.
But, critically, in addition to highlighting the heightened vulnerability of family members, the research also reveals that close familial bonds may reduce gambling harm. This article explores the findings of Problem Gambling Transmission: An Eight-wave Longitudinal Study on Problem Gambling Among Affected Others, to better understand why gambling addiction runs in families and what can be done to protect those most at risk.
New study reveals increased gambling addiction risk for family members of individuals with gambling problems
The study, conducted by researchers from Tampere University in Finland and the University of Bath in England, confirms gambling problems do not exist in isolation. Having a family member or close friend with a gambling addiction significantly increases a person’s own risk of developing similar issues. Perceptions of acceptability shift when gambling is normalized within close relationships.
The study found that gambling-related harms cluster within families in ways akin to alcohol and drug addiction.
Background
Research now includes the experiences of “affected others”: family members, partners and close friends of individuals with gambling problems. Estimates are between 4.5% and 21.2% of adults in the general population identify as “affected others.” Emotional turmoil, financial problems, relationship strain and health issues can be consequences of someone else’s gambling.
Family members face higher risk of harm. Children in gambling-affected households may experience co-occurring mental disorders.
Methodology, Participants and Procedure
The longitudinal study followed 1,530 adults aged 18 to 75 in Finland over eight survey waves between 2021 and 2024. Participants completed detailed questionnaires every six months, reporting on their own gambling behavior and whether close family members or friends had gambling problems.
Problem gambling was measured using the widely accepted Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Social connectedness to family and friends was assessed using the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults. Researchers were able to track changes over time, examining correlations and how new exposure to gambling problems affected risk, in light of changing circumstances.
Key Results and Findings
Participants with a family member who had a gambling addiction scored an average of 3.65 points higher on the PGSI than those without affected family members. Participants with an affected friend scored an average of 2.17 points higher.
Strong family relationships significantly reduced the likelihood of gambling problems, even when a family member had an addiction. In contrast, close friendships did not provide the same buffering effect. Researchers concluded that while peers can influence gambling behavior, family bonds play a unique and protective role.
Clinical Implications
Contrary to historical interventions, mounting evidence suggests addressing the needs of affected family members is essential to preventing and reducing harm.
Family dynamics like early normalization, unresolved conflict, emotional distance and chronic stress all factor in. Supportive and connected family relationships foster mental toughness. Including family members in assessment and treatment may improve outcomes for everyone involved.
Family-informed approaches can help address the emotional and relational damage that often accompanies it.
Other addictions that run in families
Alcohol and drug addictions run in families due to a combination of genetic vulnerability and learned coping behaviors. This research tells us that gambling addiction follows similar pathways.
Recognizing gambling addiction as comparable to substance use disorders can help reduce stigma and support early intervention.
How to help a family member struggling with a gambling addiction
People who are exposed to gambling young and develop problems early tend to carry those patterns into adulthood. Therefore, it’s important to be aware of the available support options if issues arise.
Birches Health’s approach is designed to address the psychological drivers of gambling and the real-world consequences that affect daily life and relationships. Clinician-led online group therapy offers a structured, supportive environment where individuals can build accountability and reduce isolation. Combined with individual therapy, multi-faceted care can support long-term recovery in a confidential and accessible format.
If you or someone you love is struggling with gambling, specialized treatment is available with Birches Health.
Call 833-483-3838
Email help@bircheshealth.com
